Contribution to the study on the integration of photovoltaic solar energy on the energy balance of high energy quality housing in Algeria

Abstract

The distribution of energy consumption by sector shows that the consumption rate of the building is very high. On a worldwide scale, the rate varies between 30 and 40%. In Algeria and according to the energy balance published by the Ministry of Energy, the residential household sector represents of about 42% of the total energy consumption. The present thesis aims at the Contribution to the study on the integration of photovoltaic solar energy on the energy balance of high energy quality housing in Algeria. In other hand, using solar energy in reducing overall energy consumption and reducing greenhouse gases. The main objective of this thesis is to study the performance of the grid-connected photovoltaic system and the energy balance in the residential building. To achieve this goal, a model to optimize the sizing of photovoltaic systems connected to the grid with the strategy of management of the energy load for houses with high energy performance in suburban areas. The recommended model has been implemented in Matlab-Simulink, the methodology adopted is based on actual consumption profiles, actual weather conditions, the peak power of the PV generator, the presence and absence of the power grid. A case study is applied in the northern region of Algeria. The photovoltaic system supplies the house with electricity during the sunny days, and during the night or the cloudy-days, the house is powered by grid. The calculation of energy performance is based on the optimization, rationalization and saving energy approach. This takes into account the energy profiles of residential homes, real data and meteorological conditions. The results show clearly that the use of saving energy and grid-connected photovoltaic system allows a positive annual electricity balance of the studied residential house. The PV system generated 67.6% of the overall energy used in the house. Only, 33.4% are purchased from the grid. An energy positive balance of 2 kWh/day is observed. Our contribution offers a triple advantage, system without electrochemical storage and reduced cost, increased reliability of the PV system connected to the electricity grid.